B.

Woodcut - Developed in 15th Century. Artist cuts away areas on a wooden board leaving raised areas to carry the ink. The inked wood block is pressed against a shet of paper. In this work, several blocks of wood have been individually prepared and printed.

Linocut - Introduced in the 20th Century. Same technique as woodcut, however a sheet of linoleum is used instead of a wood block.

Engraving - developed in 15th Century. Early form of printing where V shaped grooves are cut into a metal plate. Ink lies in the grooves and is transferred on to paper with the pressure of a press.

Etching - developed in 17th Century. Lines are scratched on a metal plate of acid-resist ground. Plate is immersed in acid bath where acid eats into the metal where the lines have been scratched creating a U shaped groove for the ink. Ink is tranferred on damp paper by pressure of press.

Aquatint - developed in 18th Century to create areas of tone. Particles of acid-resist resin powder are dusted onto the metal plate which is heated to fix the powder to the plate. The plate is then put into an acid bath where the acid eats into the spaces between the resin particles making grooves for the ink to lie in. Ink is tranferred on damp paper by pressure of press.

Lithograph - developed in 19th Century. Image is drawn onto a smooth slab of stone with greasy oil based inks pencils and crayons. The stone is dampened with water and resists the oil marks. Ink is rolled onto the stone and adheres to the drawn and painted areas and is repelled by the wet areas. Paper is placed on top of the stone and transferred using a lithographic press.

Here is an example of tusche washes, used to create a painterly effect in lithography.

Artist Tony Fomison drawing directly onto a lithograph stone with a lithographic pencil.

Screenprint - developed in 20th Century. The image is drawn, stencilled or photo transferred onto a fabric mesh screen. Areas where the ink is not wanted are masked with an appropriate resist. Paper is put under the screen, and with a sgueegee, the ink is pushed through the unmasked areas of the screen.

This is an example of photo transferred imagery screenprinted as part of a multi layered work.